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The Restoration and After: The Tower and the Office of Ordnance |
Af er a lo g period of peace a home, he reig of Charles I saw civil war break ou agai i 1642, be wee Ki g a d Parliame . As duri g he Wars of he Roses a d previous co flic s, he ower was recog ised as o e of he mos impor a of he Ki g’s asse s. Lo do ers, i par icular, were frigh e ed ha he ower would be used by him o domi a e he Ci y. I 1643, af er a poli ical ra her ha a mili ary s ruggle, co rol of he ower was seized from he Ki g by he parliame aria s a d remai ed i heir ha ds hroughou he Civil War (1642-9). he loss of he ower, a d of Lo do as a whole, was a crucial fac or i he defea of Charles I by Parliame . I was duri g his period ha a perma e garriso was i s alled i he ower for he firs ime, by Oliver Cromwell, soo o be Lord Pro ec or bu he a promi e parliame ary comma der. oday’s small mili ary guard, see ou side he Quee ’s House a d he Wa erloo Barracks, is a echo of Cromwell’s i ova io . he mo archy was res ored i 1660 a d he reig of he ew ki g, Charles II (1660-85), saw fur her cha ges i he fu c io s of he ower. I s role as a s a e priso decli ed, a d he Office of Ord a ce (which provided mili ary supplies a d equipme ) ook over respo sibili y for mos of he cas le, maki g i heir headquar ers. Duri g his period a o her lo g-s a di g radi io of he ower bega - he public display of he Crow Jewels. hey were moved from heir old home o a ew si e i wha is ow called he Mar i ower, a d pu o show by heir keeper albo Edwards. Schemes for s re g he i g he ower’s defe ces, some elabora e a d up o da e, were also proposed so ha i he eve of viole opposi io , which was always a possibili y duri g he 1660s a d 1670s, Charles would o be caugh ou as his fa her had bee earlier i he ce ury. I he e d, o e of hese came o much, a d he Res ora io period saw o ly a mi or s re g he i g of he ower. Ye he well equipped garriso which Charles II a d his successors mai ai ed was of e used o quell dis urba ces i he Ci y; James II (1685-8) cer ai ly ook s eps o use he ower’s forces agai s he opposi io which eve ually caused him o flee i o exile. U der he co rol of he Office of Ord a ce he ower was filled wi h a series of mu i io s s ores a d workshops for he army a d avy. he mos impressive a d elega of hese was he Gra d S orehouse begu i 1688 o he si e where he Wa erloo Barracks ow s a d. I was i i ially a weapo s s ore bu as he 17 h ce ury drew o a close i became more of a museum of arms a d armour. More u ili aria buildi gs gradually ook over he e ire area previously covered by he medieval royal lodgi gs o he sou h of he Whi e ower; by 1800, af er a series of fires a d rebuildi gs, he whole of his area had become a mass of large brick Ord a ce buildi gs. All hese, however, have bee swep away, a d he o ly survivi g s orehouse pu up by he Ord a ce is he ew Armouries, s a di g agai s he eas er i er cur ai wall be wee he Sal a d Broad Arrow owers. While he Ord a ce was busy buildi g s orehouses, offices a d workshops, he army was expa di g accommoda io for he ower garriso . heir larges buildi g was he Irish Barracks ( ow demolished), si ed behi d he ew Armouries buildi g i he Ou er Ward.
Those of you who are well-schooled students of “Dick” Nixon will not be surprised to learn that, after carefully weighing the alternatives, he decided to go with Option Three: to stand in the Rose Garden and make a semicoherent speech about his mother that may well rank as the single most embarrassing moment in American history. Thoroughly humiliated, Nixon then went off to live in a state of utter disgrace (New Jersey.). This was widely believed to be the end of his career. Nixon’s resignation left the nation in shock, compounded when enterprising Washington Post reporters revealed that, while nobody was paying attention, Vice President Agnew had resigned to take a job clubbing baby seals. This meant that the new president of the United States was—this all seems like a dream now—Gerald Ford. Yes! The golf person! Highlights Of The Ford Administration The major highlight was when Ford gave Nixon a full presidential pardon, thereby sparing the nation the trauma of seeing “Dick” go to federal prison, where there was every reason to fear that he would—this makes us shudder just thinking about it—find the Lord. Ford also restored the nation’s respect for the office of the presidency by falling down and bonking his head a lot
1. The Cinema World. Moden film festivals and film industry and stars
4. Epistemology and methodology: main trends and ends. (Эпистемология и Методология)
5. Global and worldly Englishes Discommunities and subcultural empires
9. Motivation: Reward system and the role of compensation
10. Russia and the international economy
13. The history of Old English and its development
14. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
15. Raskolnikov and Svidrigailov: on the brink of suicide. Ф.М. Достоевский, Преступление и наказание
17. Russia and the international economy
19. The City of London and its role as a financial centre
20. Trade in Estonia in the Past and Present
21. Model of the nucleus of atom and the table of elements
25. The development of computers in ukraine and the former USSR
27. The Higher school and the ways to science
29. The USA: its history, geography and political system
30. A Brief History of the Internet and Related Networks
31. Melville’s “The March into Virginia” and “The College Colonel”: The Broken Youth.
33. World War I and the Armenian Genocide
34. Of the Polish political parties and organizations in Vilnius (1919 - 1922 gg.)
35. Basic perspectives and schools of developing sociology in the XX century
37. Переклад інфінітивних конструкцій на матеріалі роману С. Моема "The Moon and Sixpence"
41. The Life and Times of Shakespeare
42. The Participation of American and British Youth in Political Life of Their Countries.
43. The role played by the german and scandinavian tribes on english language
44. The Socialist-Revolutionaries and the labor movement (the beginning of the twentieth century)
45. The unions of artists - "THE BLUE ROSE" AND "THE JACK OF DIAMONDS"
46. Ghandi and the myth of non-violent action
47. The creation and activities of local organizations of the Bund Belarus
48. BUDDHISM AND THE EGO (ATMAN)
49. The models of atom’s nucleus and table of elements.
52. The Tower: The 20th Century
53. The effect of light intensity on the amount of chlorophyll in “Cicer arietinum”
57. Two approches to the scientific management
60. The history of railways (История железных дорог)
61. История развития компьютеров (Silicon Valley, its history & the best companies)
62. Alaska’s Wildlife: on the Verge of Extinction (Живая природа Штата Аляска на грани исчезновения)
63. Higher Education in The U.K.
64. My modern image of the United States
65. The basical macroeconomics indicators
67. The conflicts of the modern world. A competitive society
73. Список мирового наследия (The World Heritage List, на английском языке)
74. British painting in the 17-18th centuries (Британская живопись 17-18 вв.)
75. The School Education in Great Britain (Школьное образование в Великобритании)
76. Особенности ведения бизнеса в Китае (The peculiarities of marketing strategy development in China)
78. The profile of an effective manager
81. Consequence of building the National Missile Defense
83. The Influence of English Mass Culture on Estonia
84. Education in the Middle Ages
85. The role of art in our life
89. The fastest computers of the world
92. The School Education in Great Britain (Школьное образование в Великобритании)
93. "The Irish Question" ("Ирландский вопрос")
94. Militant Islam’s Expansion in the Southern Philippines
95. Dark side of the monn - Жизнь после смерти
96. Особенности ведения бизнеса в Китае (The peculiarities of marketing strategy development in China)
97. Финансовые инструменты ("Financial Instruments. Teaching materials of the course")
98. Redesigning the Dragon Financial Reform in the Peoples Republic of China