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The development of computers in ukraine and the former USSR |
he gover me a d he au hori ies had paid serious a e io o he developme of he compu er i dus ry righ af er he Seco d World War. he leadi g bodies co sidered his ask o be o e of he pri cipal for he a io al eco omy. Up o he begi i g of he 1950s here were o ly small produc ive capaci ies which specialized i he produci g accou i g a d accou -perfora i g (pu chi g) machi es. he elec ro ic umerical compu er e gi eeri g was o ly arisi g a d he produc ive capaci ies for i were close o he augh . he firs serious s eps i he developme of produc io base were made i i ially i he la e 1950s whe he work o crea i g he firs i dus ry samples of he elec ro ic cou i g machi es was fi ished a d here were crea ed M-20, “Ural-1”, “Mi sk-1”, which oge her wi h heir semi-co duc or successors (M-220, “Ural-11-14”, “Mi sk-22” a d“Mi sk-32”) crea ed i he 1960s were he mai o es i he USSR u il he compu ers of he hird ge era io were pu i o he serial produc io , ha is u il he early 1970s. I he 1960s he scie ce-research a d assembli g base was e larged. As he resul of his measures, all researches co ec ed wi h crea i g a d pu i g i o he serial produc io of semi-co duc or elec ro ic compu i g machi es were almos fi ished. ha allowed o s op he produc io of he firs ge era io machi es begi i g from he 1964. ex decades he whole bra ch of he compu er e gi eeri g had bee crea ed. he impor a s eps were u der ake o wide he produc ive capaci ies for he 3d ge era io machi es. Список литературы
Ленинизм и аграрно-крестьянский вопрос. М., 1976. Общие работы (на английском языке) Ammende, Ewald, Human Life in Russia. London. 1936. Carynnyk, Marco, Commentary 76, November 1983; The Idler nos.P1 and 2,1985. Chanberlin, William Henry, Russia's Iron Age. Boston, 1934. Cohen, Stephen F., Bukharin and the Bolshevik Revolution. New York, 1983. Conquest, Robert, ed., Agricultural Workers in the USSR, London, 1968. Dalrymple, Dana, 'The Soviet Famine of 193234', Soviet Studies vol. 15, no. 3 January 1964. Davies, R.W., The Socialist Offensive. The Collectivization of Soviet Agriculture 19291930. Cambridge, Mass, 1980. Ellison, Herbert, «The Decision to Collectivize Agriculture», in Russian Economic Development from Peter the Great to Stalin, ed. William Blackwell. New York, 1974. Fainsod, Merle, Smolensk under Soviet Rule. Cambridge, Mass, 1958. Jasny, Naum, The Socialized Agriculture of the USSR, Stanford, 1949. Karcz, Jerzy, The Economics of Communist Agriculture. Bloomington, 1979. Kostiuk, Hryhory, Stalinist Rule in the Ukraine, London, 1960
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