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Топики на английском /english/ |
opic 1 ("Choosi g a Career") Choosi g a career is like a y o her ac ivi y; i is bes o work o a pla . oo ma y people s ar looki g for a specific job before hi ki g ou heir occupa io al aims. I is a good idea o begi by a emp i g o defi e i clear erms wha your requireme s are from a career. his i volves aki g a realis ic view of your s re g hs a d weak esses. You may hi k for example, ha you would like a job which i volves orga izi g people, bu liki g such a job is o a sufficie jus ifica io if experie ce you already may have sugges s ha his is o your s ro g poi . O he o her ha d, you should remember ha rai i g will equip you o do ew hi gs. A fur her poi o co sider is how far you will be willi g o do for a ime hi gs which you do o like k owi g ha hey are ecessary o achieve your lo ger erm objec ives. Havi g hough carefully abou he sor of perso you are, ry o work ou a realis ic se of occupa io al requireme . I par icular, you ca a swer o impor a ques io s. Firs : wha sor of life do you wa o lead? For example, do you wa o live i he cou ry or i he ow ? Is leisure ime of grea impor a ce o you? Is he size of your salary impor a ? Do you wa o pu dow roo s or ravel widely? Seco d: wha sor of work do you wa o do? For example, do you like worki g alo e or wi h o hers? Does eachi g people appeal o you? Do you wa o be a orga izer of o her people's ac ivi ies? Do you wa o develop ew ideas a d i i ia e cha ges. As for me, I have made up my mi d o be a e gi eer. As my pare s are a e gi eers hey have made a grea i flue ce o my choice a d I ca say ha his professio ru s he family. My choice of his occupa io did ' come as a sudde flash. I hi k ha owadays his professio is of grea eed a d impor a ce o our cou ry. I is my aim o be a qualified specialis a d o serve he i eres s of my cou ry. o be a well prepared e gi eer I should have some impor a quali ies: grea capabili y persis e ce, k owledge of scie ce a d, of course, k owledge of foreig la guages. I spi e of hese argume s we mus ' forge abou everybody's vaca io . I hi k ha my facili ies combi ed wi h he k owledge would be quie e ough o succeed i my work. opic 2 ("A he Doc ors") I is wi er ow. I is of e cold. I ca ' say ha I ca s a d colds. So, some ime ago I sudde ly fell ill. I mou ed a high empera ure. I had a ru i g ose a d a sore hroa . Also I had a spli i g headache a d a cough. My whole body ached. My mo her fixed me a ho lemo ade bu ha did ' help me much. She wa ed o give me some aspiri able s oo, bu here were ' a y i our house. My mo her old me o s ay i bed, he she called for a doc or. he doc or came, remove his coa a d pu o his whi e gow . he doc or asked me o s rip o he wais . He exami ed my lu gs, fel my pulse a d blood pressure, ook my empera ure. he he exami ed my hroa a d said ha i was a li le i flamed. He said ha is was a ligh case of he flu a d old me o s ay i bed a d o have a res . He wro e a prescrip io for a gargle a d cough medici e. Also he gave me some sulfa pills, a slip for X-Ray a d blood exami a io . He prescribed cups a d mus ard plas ers. he prescrip io , which he doc or lef , was made up a he chemis 's.
I followed all he doc or's i s ruc io s a d very soo I fel much be er. I 10 days I fully recovered a d resumed my s udies. opic 3 ("A he hea re") I will ever forge my firs visi o he Bolshoy hea re. I was ages ago, bu his s a ds ou i my memory quie vividly. My mo her bough beforeha d wo icke s for a ma i ee performa ce of he balle "Sleepi g Beau y" by Chaikovsky. We came o he hea re lo g before he performa ce bega . A sig a he e ra ce of he hea re said ha "house full". Ma y people were s a di g a he e ra ce of he hea re aski g if we had a ex ra icke . We lef our coa s i he cloak-room a d bough a program from he usher o see wha he cas was. I remember we were glad o see ha Ula ova was da ci g he mai par . Whe we came i o he hall he orches ra were u i g i heir i s rume s. We fou d our sea s which were i he s alls a d we explori g he hea re. My mo her showed me he boxes, he pi m he dress-circle, he ieres a d balco ies. A 12 sharp he ligh s we dow . he co duc or appeared a d he over ure bega . Af er he over ure he cur ai we up. I was i rap ures a wha I saw o he s age. I have ever see a y hi g more wo derful. he sce ery a d he da ci g were superb. he balle seemed o me a fairy- ale. Whe he las cur ai fell, he house burs ou i o applause. I applauded so much, ha my ha ds ached. he cries of e core sou ded all over he hea re. he da cers go ma y cur ai calls a d were prese ed wi h ma y flowers. he performa ce was a grea success wi h he public. I was o e of my brigh es memories. opic 4 ("E er ai me ") I am fo d of good books a d good music, a d whe I have some ime o spare, I like o go o he hea re or a co cer . here are more ha a doze very good orches ras i Bri ai a d some of hem are world famous. Orches ras i Bri ai have o co cer halls of heir ow , bu play i halls re ed from local au hori ies or priva e compa ies. here are 2 big co cer halls i Lo do . he Old Royal Alber Hall a d he ew Royal Fes ival Hall, which is o e of he mos moder co cer halls i he world. hea rical performa ces are give by hea re compa ies. here are abou 200 professio al hea res i Bri ai . Like orches ras, he hea re compa ies usually play i re ed hea res, bu here are several hea res which have heir ow homes. he ce er of he ac rical life is Lo do . Lo do is also he mai ce er of opera a d balle . I am o par icularly fo d of he ci ema. Ra her he ake rouble of goi g ou o see a film, I would s ay a home a d wa ch elevisio . I seemed o share his a i ude wi h he mos o her people i Bri ai . I Bri ai he choice of films is limi ed o you g people. Films are placed i o e of hree ca egories i Bri ai . "U" - sui able for everybody, "A" - more sui able for adul s, "X" - sui able o ly for adul s. A perso u der 16 years of age may see a "A" film o ly i compa y of a adul . O ly perso over 16 years of age may see "X" films. hose, who prefer o s ay a home may spe d heir free ime, wa chi g V, lis e i g o he radio. hey have ma y V a d radio programs o choose from. As for me, I am a grea ci ema-goer. I like he ci ema reme dously. I see all he bes films ha are o . I prefer fea ures films, hough I e joy docume aries almos as much o say o hi g of a ima ed car oo s films, ews-reels or popular scie ce films.
I usually go o he ci ema for he mor i g or day shows. If I wa o go o a eve i g show I book icke s beforeha d. I like o come o he ci ema a couple of mi u es before he movie s ar s. If here is a lo g ime o wai I ca always look a he por rai s of film s ars ha gi g o he walls of he foyer, or lis e o a li le co cer ha is usually give for he spec a ors. I is a good idea, ha hose who are la e are o allowed o e er he hall u il he ews-reel is over. I ha e bei g dis urbed whe a film is o . If I like a movie very much I go o see i a seco d ime a d besides I see ma y of he movies elevised. I of e read he paper "Film Week" o k ow which films have bee released a d which o es are bei g sho . I k ow all he famous scrip wri ers, producers a d camerame . opic 5 ("Books a d Readi g") Books ca fi almos every eed, emper, or i eres . Books ca be read whe you are i he mood; hey do ' have o be ake i periodic doses. Books are more perso al a d more imperso al ha professors. Books have a i er co fide ce which i dividuals seldom show; hey rarely have o be o he defe sive. Books ca afford o be bold, a d courageous, a d expla a ory; hey do ' have o be so careful of boards of rus ees, colleagues, a d commu i y opi io . Books are i fi i ely diverse; hey ru he gamu of huma ac ivi y. Books ca express every poi of view; if you wa a differe poi of view, you ca read a differe book. Readi g is probably he mos impor a skill you will eed for success i your s udies. You will have o read le g hy assig me s i differe subjec s wi h varyi g degrees of de ail a d difficul y. If you read i accura ely, you will fail o u ders a d some of he i forma io a d ideas you read. If you read slowly, you will have o spe oo much ime readi g your assig me s so ha your o her work may suffer. Poor readi g may be a problem for you, bu i is o a hopeless o e. Like o her skills your abili y o read E glish rapidly a d accura ely will depe d upo a careful i s ruc io a d purposeful prac ice. You mus co i ue o prac ice o your ow o improve your readi g skill. Readi g speed is de ermi ed i par by how ma y words your eyes ca see a a si gle gla ce. Here is a compariso of hree differe readers a d how ma y s ops heir eyes make. Slow Reader: Bei g і able і o read і by phrases і i s ead of і by si gle і words і resul s і from і prac ice. Average Reader: Bei g able і o read і by phrases і i s ead of і by si gle words і resul s і from prac ice. Fas Reader: Bei g able o read by phrases і i s ead of by si gle words і resul s from prac ice. o ice ha he slow reader's eyes mus s op four ee imes, focusi g o each word alo e before hey move o o he ex . he eyes of he average reader s op six or seve imes because hey are able o see abou wo words a a si gle gla ce. he eyes of he fas reader s op o ly hree imes. hey focus a he ce er of a phrase a d see hree or four words, he move rapidly o he ex phrase. his abili y o see words o ei her side of he poi a which your eyes focus is called peripheral visio . As a foreig s ude of E glish, you may feel, ha i is impossible o recog ize so ma y words a a si gle gla ce. I is difficul for ma y a ive speakers, bu i ca be do e - a d mus be do e if you are o read as rapidly as you should.
Их произведения посвящены острым социальным проблемам и борьбе за мир. Лит.: История западноевропейского театра, под общ. ред. С.С. Мокульского, т. 1-2, М., 1956-57; История английской литературы [под ред. И. И. Анисимова и др.], т. 1-3, М.-Л., 1943-1958;Nicoll A., British drama, 4 ed., L., [1955]; Chambers E. K., The English folk-play, Oxf., 1933; Symonds J. A." Shakespeare's predecessors in the English drama, new ed., L., 1900; Boas F. S., An introduction to Tudor drama, 0х1., 1933; S с h e l l i n ? F. E., Elizabethan drama. 1558-1642, v. 1-2, N. Y., 1959; E l l i s -F e r m о г D. M., The Jacobean drama, L., [1936]: Boas F. S., An introduction to Stuart drama, L., 1946; NettletonGr. H., E;iu;lish drama of the Restoration and eighteenth centiiry(1642- 1/8U), N. Y., 1923; N i с о 1 1 A., A history of English drama, UOC-lUOu, v. 1-6, Cambr., 1952-59; Reynolds E., Moijcrn English drama, L., 1949; S p e a i g h t R., Drama since 1939, L., [1947]. A. A. "АНГЛИЙСКИЕ КОМЕДИАНТЫ" - название английских трупп, состоявших из профессиональных актёров, странствовавших в 1-й пол. 17 в. по Германии
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